What is the difference between a layoff and a furlough?
A layoff is typically a separation from employment (sometimes with recall rights); a furlough is a temporary, mandatory unpaid leave where you remain employed and usually keep benefits. Both usually make you eligible for unemployment benefits. Furloughs are often used to avoid permanent terminations during downturns.
Can I collect unemployment during a layoff or furlough?
Usually yes. Laid-off and furloughed workers are generally eligible for state unemployment insurance, which replaces roughly 40-50% of prior wages up to a state maximum, typically for up to 26 weeks. You must be able and available to work and meet your state's ongoing filing requirements.
Do I have recall rights after a layoff?
In most non-union US jobs, no. Employment is at-will and there is no automatic right to be recalled. Recall rights exist mainly under union collective bargaining agreements (by seniority) or a written employer policy. Ask HR whether a recall list or policy applies to your layoff.
Does my employer have to give notice of a layoff?
Generally no, unless the WARN Act applies (100+ employee employers conducting mass layoffs or plant closings, requiring 60 days notice) or a state mini-WARN law applies. Individual at-will layoffs usually require no advance notice, though many employers provide some as a matter of policy.