How do I collect a small claims judgment in the US?
The court does not collect for you. Common methods are wage garnishment, a bank account levy, a writ of execution against personal property, or recording an abstract of judgment as a lien on real estate. You file the paperwork with the clerk and usually have the sheriff or marshal serve it.
Can I garnish wages in every state?
No. Federal law caps garnishment at 25% of disposable earnings, but some states are more protective. Texas and Pennsylvania do not permit wage garnishment for most ordinary consumer debts, so creditors there rely on bank levies and property liens instead.
Can I add collection costs to the judgment?
Generally yes. Filing fees, sheriff or marshal service fees, and (in New York) marshal poundage are recoverable costs that increase what the debtor owes. You must advance these costs and recover them only if collection succeeds.
How long is a small claims judgment good for?
Most states make judgments enforceable for 5 to 20 years, and many allow renewal before expiry. Recording an abstract of judgment creates a lien on the debtor's real property that can be collected when they sell or refinance, even years later.